Irving–Williams series
id:
irving-williams-series-299-10940087
title:
Irving–Williams series
text:
The Irving–Williams series refers to the relative stabilities of complexes formed by transition metals. In 1953 Harry Irving and Robert Williams observed that the stability of complexes formed by divalent first-row transition metal ions generally increase across the period to a maximum stability at copper: Mn(II) < Fe(II) < Co(II) < Ni(II) < Cu(II) > Zn(II). Specifically, the Irving–Williams series refers to the exchange of aqua (H2O) ligands for any other ligand (L) within a metal complex. In o
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encyclopedia
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original url:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving%E2%80%93Williams_series
date created:
date modified:
2023-04-04T12:59:57Z
main entity:
{"identifier":"Q906940","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q906940"}
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13
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